Radiator.



A. KEHM.

RADIATOR.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 23. 1915.

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orrrc AUGUST KEHM, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

RADIATOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 26, 1916.

Application filed June 23, 1915. Serial No. 35,796.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that 1, AUGUST KEHM, a citizen of the United States, and resident of Chicago, county of Cook, and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Radiators, of which the following is a specification, and which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, forming a part thereof.

The invention relates to radiators and more particularly to those intended for use in heating systems of the type disclosed in my application for patent on heating system, filed March 22, 1915, Serial No. 16,075. The type of heating system referred to is characterized by the use of a plurality of radiators which are separately filled with water and are independently heated from a common source, as by the transmission of steam from a central plant to a heater or converter which is associated with each radiator and which serves for heating the water contained therein.

The present invention contemplates an improved construction of the radiator, the objects of the invention being to obtain a more uniform and efficient distribution of heat throughout the radiator and to produce a construction which may be readily assembled.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a central transverse sectional view showing one form of radiator embodying the features of improvement provided by the invention, details of the pipe connections extending to and from the central source of heat being shown in elevation, Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the radiator illustrated in Fig. 1, some of the parts being broken away, and Fig. 3 is a detail sectional view taken on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1.

The improved radiator may comprise two sets of upright chambered loops or columns, as 10, 11 and 12, 13. These loops are of the well known form commonly found in hot water radiators and they are located side by side. In the simple arrangement shown, the loops are all alike except that two loops, as 10 and 13, which are located at the ends of the radiator are provided with the usual supporting legs or feet 14. Adjacent loops, as 10, 11 and 12, 13, of the two sets, are connected at the top and bottom by the well known screw nipples, as 15 and 16. A spacing nipple 17 is employed for connecting the inner loops, as 11 and 12, of the two sets, at the top. This spacing nipple has right and left threads at its opposite ends, like the nipples 15, 16, but is of sutficient length to separate the connected loops, as 11, 12, a distance which is preferably equal to the width of one loop.

A heater, generally designated 18, is located between the loops 11, 12 at the bottom. For convenience in assembling the parts the heater 18 is made of the same width with one of the loops 10, 11, 12, 13, and is provided with oppositely directed right and left threaded nipples, 19, 20. The connection of the loops, as 10, 11 and 12, 13, 0f the two sets is accordingly efiected if the two ends of the spacing nipple 17 and the two nipples 19, 20, of the heater 18, are engaged with the loops 11 and 12 at the top and bottom, respectively, and then simultaneously rotated. The construction of the heater 18 is preferably such that the nipples 19, 2O communicate with a central chamber, as 21, fro-m opposite sides. As shown the chamber 21 is closed at the front and rear by upright partitions 22, 23, and plurality of heating tubes 24 extend horizontally between these partitions. The heating tubes 24 communi-- cate with steam spaces 25 and 26 located in front of the partition 22 in rear of the partition 23, respectively. To facilitate the insertion of the tubes 24 the walls of the heater 18 are provided with front and rear openings 27, 28, which communicate with the steam spaces 25 and 26, respectively, in line with the tubes 24. When the tubes 24 have been introduced and firmly secured in place, the openings 27 and 28, are permanently closed, as by screw plugs 29, 30. The walls of the heater 18 are also formed to provide an upstanding nipple 31, and a depending nipple 32. The depending nipple 32 leads out of the bottom of the steam space 26. The upstanding nipple 31 is desirably located adjacent the rear end of the heater, but communicates with the steam space 25, in front of the partition 22, through a steam passage 33 which extends horizontally over the chamber 21.

In using the radiator, its chamber, consisting of the chambers of the several loops, as 10, 11, 12, 13, and that part of the chamber 21 of the heater 18 which surrounds the heating tubes 24, is filled with water and the nipples 31 and 32 of the heater are connected with steam supply and return pipes 34 and 35. Usually the steam pipes 34 and 35 extend vertically through the floor, as X, upon which the radiator rests. the return pipe 35 may extend directly to the nipple 32. The supply pipe 34, on the other hand, preferably rises at the rear of the heater 18 and extends to a level above the heater. It is then turned forwardly, as

at 36, and downwardly, through an elbow is employed, the stem 38 of the valve 37 is extended through an opening 40, in its front wall.

A continuous circulation of the water within the radiator is readily maintained by the formation of baffles, as 41 and 43, within the heater 18. If the baffle 41 extends transversely over the upper part of the opening through the nipple 20 and the baffle 43 extends transversely over the lower part of the opening through the nipple 19, the water will pass horizontally through the chamber 21 of the heater 18, from right to left, as viewed in Fig. 3. To insure a proper deflection of the water for engagement with all of the heating tubes 24, an intermediate transverse baffle 42 is also desirably employed. As shown, the baffle 42 depends cenltlrally into the chamber 21 from its upper wa With the arrangement of baffles 41, 42, 43, just described, the water contained within the chamber of the radiator descends in all of the loops, as 12 and 13 which are located at the right of the heater 18, as viewed in Fig. 2, and ascends in all of the loops, as 10, 11, which are located at the other side of the heater. Furthermore, all of the water contained within the chamber of the radiator passes from right to left through the chamber 21 of the heater, as viewed in Fig. 3, and from left to right through the bore of the spacing nipple 17, as viewed in Fig. 2.

The heating tubes 24 are desirably formed of brass, or other efficient heat conducting material, to attain a rapid interchange of heat between the steam which is contained within the tubes and the water which passes through the space about the tubes. Preferably the number of tubes 24 is proportioned to the heating capacity of the radiator, radiators having the greater area of external radiating surface requiring the use of a greater number of heating tubes 24.. The arrangement insures an efficient circulation In this case.

of water through the chamber of the entire radiator. There is accordingly but little difference in the temperatures maintained in thevarious parts of the radiator and an effective radiation of heat is accomplished throughout the whole'of its exterior surface. Any vapor which enters the tubes 24 is rapidly condensed by contact with the relatively cool Walls of the tubes. This condensation of vapors serves to draw in more vapors. The radiator will accordingly operate effectively, even though steam be supplied'at only a very low pressure and at a correspondingly low temperature.

I claim as my invention,-

1. In a radiator, in combination, a pair of chambered water sections, a chambered" heater section located between the water sections and a pair of alined oppositely facing nipples each connecting the heater section with one of the said water sections, the said two nipples being the only means connecting the heater section with the water sections.

2. In a radiator, in combination, a pair of upright chambered water sections, a horizontal spacing nipple having oppositely threaded ends connecting the upper ends of the water sections, a chambered heater section located between the lower ends of the water sections, and a pair of horizontally alined, oppositely threaded nipples each connecting the heater section with the water section at one side, of the heater.

3. In a radiator, in combination, a plurality of like upright water columns and a chambered heater, the water columns being arranged side by side with the heater interposed between two adjacent columns, a set of horizontally alined nipples directly connecting all of the water columns at the top of the radiator and a second set of horizon- 4. In a radiator, in combination,a pair of chambered water sections, a chambered heater body located between the said water sections and having a pair of oppositely facing horizontally alined nipples, one connected with each of the said water sections, a heater tube extending through the chamber of the heater body, steam supply and return connections communicating with the opposite ends of the said heater tube, and means connecting the'chambers of the water sections above the level of the said heater body. 7 p 1 5. In a'radiator, in combination, a pair of upright chambered water sections, means connecting the two water sections at the top bottom of the radiator, said heater section comprising a pair of non-communicating passages having a common wall, a pair of horizontally alined oppositely threaded nipples communicating with the two ends of one of the said passages of the heater section and each connecting the heater section with the water section at one side of the heater section, and a pair of nipples for connection with steam supply and return pipes communicating with the two ends of the other one of the said passages of the heater section.

6. In a radiator, in combination, a pair of chambered water sections, a heater body located between the said water sections and having an intermediate chamber, front and rear chambers and a passage communicating with the top of the front chamber and extending over the intermediate chamber, tubes connecting the front and rear chambers of the heater body and extending through its said intermediate chamber, a pair of nipples formed upon opposite sides of the heater body, one connected with each of the said water sections, said nipples communicating with the said intermediate chamber of the heater body from opposite sides, steam sup ply and return nipples formed on the heater body adjacent its rear end, the steam supply nipple communicating with the rear end of the said passage and the return nipple communicating with the bottom of the said rear chamber, and means connecting the chambers of the said water sections above the level of the said heater body.

7. In a radiator, in combination, a pair of chambered water sections, a heater body lo cated between the said water sections and having an intermediate chamber, front and rear chambers and a passage communicating with the top of the front chamber and extending over the intermediate chamber, tubes connecting the front and rear chambers of the heater body and extending through its said intermediate chamber, a pair of horizontally alined nipples formed upon opposite sides of the heater body, one connected with each of the said water sections, said nipples communicating with the said intermediate chamber of the heater body from opposite sides, a pair of bafiles, one closing the upper part of the opening through one of the said nipples and the other closing the lower part of the opening through the other of said nipples, steam supply and return nipples formed on the heater body adjacent its rear end, the steam supply nipple communicating with the rear end of the said passage and the return nipple communicating with the bottom of the said rear chamber, and means connecting the chambers of the said water sections above the level of the said heater body.

8. In a radiator, in combination, a pair of chambered water sections, a heater body located between the said water sections and having an intermediate chamber, front and rear chambers and a passage communicating with the top of the front chamber and extending over the intermediate chamber, tubes connecting the front and rear chambers of the heater body and extending through its said intermediate chamber, a pair of horizontally alined oppositely threaded nipples formed upon opposite sides of the heater body, one connected with each of the said water sections, said nipples communicating with the said intermediate chamber of the heater body from opposite sides, a pair of baflies, one closing the upper part of the opening through one of the said nipples,

and the other closing the lower part of the opening through the other of said nipples, steam supply and return nipples formed on the heater body adjacent its rear end, the steam supply nipple communicating with the rear end of the said passage and the return nipple communicating with the bottom of the said rear chamber, and a pipe having oppositely threaded ends extending between and connecting the said water sections above the level of the heater body.

9. In a radiator, in combination, a pair of chambered water sections, a heater body located between the said water sections and having end and intermediate chambers, tubes connecting the two end chambers of the heater body and extending through its said intermediate chamber, a pair of horizontally alined oppositely facing nipples formed on the heater body, one connected with each of the said water sections, said nipples communicating with the intermediate chamber of the heater body from opposite sides, a pair of battles, one closing the upper part of the opening through one of the 1" said nipples and the other closing the lower part of the opening through the other of said nipples, steam supply and return nipples formed on the heater body, each of said last mentioned nipples communicating with one of the end chambers of the heater body, and means connecting the chambers of the said water sections above the level of the said heater body..

10. In a radiator, in combination, a pair of chambered water sections, a heater body located between the said water sections and having a heating chamber therein, a pair of horizontally alined oppositely facing nipples formed on the heater body, one connected with each of the said water sections, the said nipples communicating with the said heating chamber from opposite sides, a pair of battles, one closing the upper part of the opening through one of the said nipples and the other closing the lower part of the opening through the other of said nipples, and means connecting the chambers of the said water sections above the level of the said heater body.

11. In a radiator, in combination, a pair of chambered water sections, a-heater body located between said water sections and having a heating chamber therein, a pair of horizontally alined oppositely facing nipples formed on the heater body, one connected with each of the said water sections, said nipples communicating with the said heating chamber at different levels and means connecting the chambers of the said water sections at a third level.

12. In a radiator, incombination, a pair of chambered water sections, a heater body located between the said water sections and having a heating chamber therein, a pair of horizontally alined oppositely facing right and left threaded nipples formed on the heater body, one connected with each of the said water sections, said nipples communicating with the said heating chamber at different levels, and pipe having oppositely threaded ends extending between and connecting the said water sections at a third level.

13. In a radiator, in combination, a pair of upright Water sections directly connected at one end only, a heater body having end and intermediate chambers, tubes connecting the two end chambers of the heater body and extending through its said intermediate chamber, steam supply and return nipples formed on the heater body, one communicating with each of its said end chambers, and connections between the intermediate chamber of the heater body and the unconnected ends of the two water sections.

14. In a radiator, in combination, a pair of upright water sections directly connected at one end only, a heater section comprising a pair of non-communicating chambers having a common wall, a steam supply pipe connected with the heater section and communicating with one of its said chambers,

and connections between the other chambe of the heater section and the unconnected ends of the two water sections, the said con nections being the only connections between the heater section and the water sections and the said connections and the last mentioned chamber of the heater section being the only path of communication between the unconnected ends of the water sections external to the said water sections.

15. In a radiator, in combination, a pair of water sections, a chambered heater located between the water sections, and a pair of oppositely facing right and left threaded nipples formed on the heater and each connecting with the adjacent water section, the said two nipples. being the only means connecting the heater with the water sections.

opposite sides and each nipple being con-' nected with one of the said water sections.

17 In a radiator, in combination, a pair of upright water sections directly connected at one end only, a chambered heater, and connections between the chamber of the heater and the unconnected ends of the two water sections, the said connections and the chamber of the heater being the only path of communication between the unconnected ends of the watersections external to said sections.

AUGUST KEHM.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents Washington, D. G. 

